Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools
Gesetz gegen die Überfüllung deutscher Schulen und Hochschulen
Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Institutions of Higher Education
Presented as a measure against overcrowded secondary schools and universities, the law let the states cap admissions and, in its § 4, set a quota for ‘non-Aryan’ pupils and students: new admissions were not to exceed their share of the German population, and numbers already enrolled could be cut. The first implementing ordinance, issued the same day, fixed the admissions quota at 1.5 per cent and the ceiling for existing pupils and students at 5 per cent. Children of front-line veterans, and children of mixed marriages contracted before the law with one ‘Aryan’ parent or two ‘Aryan’ grandparents, were exempt.
- Dated
- Tuesday 25 April 1933
- Published in
- Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I, no. 43, Wednesday 26 April 1933, p. 225
- Citation
- RGBl. I S. 225
- In force
- on promulgation, 26 April 1933 (§ 7)
On the day pages
About this text
The full text is given. Transcribed from the RGBl. scan (issue 43, p. 225); no independent transcription was found to compare against.
The English translation was made for this site and is not an official translation. ‘Hochschulen’ covers universities, technical universities and other institutions of university rank. ‘Anteilszahl’ (the quota for new admissions) is translated ‘proportional figure’ and ‘Verhältniszahl’ (the ceiling applied when reducing existing numbers) ‘ratio’; the figures themselves were set in the First Implementing Ordinance of the same day (RGBl. I S. 226): 1.5 and 5 per cent.
German laws and decrees are official works and not protected by copyright (§ 5 UrhG).
Terms
- nicht arischer Abstammung, Nichtarier
- ‘Of non-Aryan descent’, ‘non-Aryans’: defined in the First Implementing Ordinance of 11 April 1933 to the Civil Service Law (one Jewish parent or grandparent was enough). Because children of existing marriages with one ‘Aryan’ parent or two ‘Aryan’ grandparents were exempt, the quota in practice fell on pupils and students with three or four Jewish grandparents.
- Reichsdeutsche
- German citizens of the Reich, as distinct from ethnic Germans abroad and from foreigners. Foreign Jewish students were not counted against the quota, and § 5 kept treaty obligations, such as those protecting minorities in Upper Silesia, intact.
- Pflichtschulen
- Compulsory schools: the elementary and vocational schools that all children had to attend, which the law left untouched. The quota hit the secondary schools leading to university and the universities themselves.
Sources
- Reichsgesetzblatt 1933 Teil I, Nr. 43 (26. April 1933), S. 225 (Reichsministerium des Innern; scan on Wikimedia Commons)
- Reichsgesetzblatt 1933 Teil I, Nr. 43 (26. April 1933), S. 226: Erste Verordnung zur Durchführung des Gesetzes gegen die Überfüllung deutscher Schulen und Hochschulen (Reichsministerium des Innern; scan on Wikimedia Commons)
Gazette scans: public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.